Dry-type transformers are widely used in modern power systems due to their oil-free, fireproof, explosion-proof, and low-maintenance properties, particularly in safety-critical locations such as commercial buildings, hospitals, and data centers. Drawing on years of practical experience, the author has summarized the following key points.
First, the dry-type transformer must be precisely matched to the load requirements. The capacity, voltage rating, and cooling method (such as AN/AF) of the dry-type transformer must be determined based on the actual load characteristics. For example, intermittent loads can appropriately reduce the capacity margin, while continuous high-load scenarios require a safety margin of at least 1.2 times. Furthermore, cast resin transformers offer superior insulation performance and are suitable for humid environments, while open-ventilation transformers offer high heat dissipation efficiency but require strict dust protection.
Second, installation and operation and maintenance are crucial for long-term reliable operation. During installation, ensure the foundation is level and stable, and allow ample heat dissipation clearance (recommended ≥30 cm on each side). During operation, regularly monitor winding temperature (usually no more than 140°C), partial discharge, and insulation resistance (≥1000 MΩ). Experience shows that quarterly scanning with an infrared thermal imaging camera can proactively detect potential joint overheating risks.
Furthermore, troubleshooting must be swift and accurate. Common faults include inter-turn short circuits (manifested as abnormal noise or localized temperature rise) and multiple grounding points in the core (causing excessive ground current). I previously handled a creepage incident caused by cracking epoxy resin. By promptly replacing the damaged components and strengthening the seal, further damage was avoided.
Finally, intelligent upgrades are worth promoting. Installing online monitoring systems (such as partial discharge sensors and temperature control probes), combined with real-time alerts from an IoT platform, can increase operation and maintenance efficiency by over 40%.
In short, the reliable operation of dry-type transformers depends on a combination of scientific selection, standardized operation and maintenance, and technological innovation. Only by paying close attention to detail can a balance between safety and cost-effectiveness be achieved.
