The installation of oil-immersed transformers must strictly adhere to relevant specifications and precautions to ensure the safe operation and service life of the equipment. Below are the key precautions for the installation of oil-immersed transformers:
I. Preparations before installation
1. Equipment inspection: Before installation, a comprehensive inspection of the transformer should be conducted, including appearance, nameplate information, oil level, and oil color, to ensure the equipment is not damaged during transportation.
2. Environmental inspection: The installation site should have good ventilation, be dry and free of humidity, avoid water accumulation and flammable or explosive materials, and ensure safe distances are maintained.
II. Foundation installation requirements
1. Foundation stability: The foundation should be made of concrete or other robust materials to ensure it can bear the weight of the transformer and its oil. The foundation should be level, stable, and meet the design requirements in terms of height and shape.
2. Installation level: Use a level to calibrate the installation to ensure the transformer is placed horizontally, avoiding uneven oil levels due to tilting, which can affect operation and heat dissipation.
III. Grounding and safety
1. Grounding system: The transformer must be properly grounded to the earth. The grounding system should comply with national standards, and the grounding resistance should meet the specified requirements. Grounding cables should be corrosion-resistant and securely connected.
2. Safety protection: For outdoor installations, a fixed fence or wall with a height of no less than 1.7 meters should be installed, and warning signs should be hung in prominent locations.
IV. Transformer oil handling
1. Oil quality: Use insulating oil that meets the standard, and avoid mixing impurities during the filling process. Regularly check the oil level after filling to ensure it is within the normal range.
2. Sealing inspection: Ensure the sealing of all connection points of the transformer to prevent oil leakage and moisture ingress. Pay special attention to the top of the bushings, safety vents, top of the conservator tank, and breathing pipes.
V. Ventilation and heat dissipation
The installation location should be chosen in a place with good ventilation, avoiding the accumulation of debris around the transformer, and ensuring sufficient space for air circulation to prevent poor heat dissipation and equipment overheating.
VI. Electrical connections
1. Secure connections: Connect the high-voltage and low-voltage cables according to the transformer's wiring diagram. All connection points must be tightened to avoid poor contact.
2. Busbar treatment: The contact surface of the busbars needs to be treated. Copper busbars should be tinned, and aluminum busbars should have proper copper-aluminum transition contact surface treatment.
VII. Commissioning and trial operation
1. Comprehensive inspection: After installation, inspect all electrical connections, instrument operation status, and safety protection devices to ensure normal operation.
2. Trial operation: During trial operation, closely monitor the transformer's operating parameters, such as temperature, oil level, and current, to ensure all indicators are within safe limits.
VIII. Other precautions
1. Preventing foreign objects from entering: During installation, perform lifting or entry inspections to thoroughly remove debris from the bottom of the tank and clean the inside of oil pipelines, coolers, and oil pumps.
2. Preventing insulation damage: When installing bushings, avoid twisting or excessively pulling the leads, ensuring the leads are of appropriate length to prevent collisions with the leads.
By strictly adhering to the above installation precautions, the service life and operational efficiency of oil-immersed transformers can be effectively improved, ensuring the stable operation of the power system.
